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Mike Roco Title 1: Nano Based Emerging Science and Technology Abstract: Nanotechnology R&D has changed its research focus, main domains of industrial relevance, governance, education outreach and public perception since 2000 when it was proposed as a key development for 21st Century under the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI). This initiative has already powerful implications in knowledge foundation, advanced materials, electronics, nanomedicine and energy conversion. The presentation will outline changes from 2000 to 2009 in nanoscale based science and engineering and their relevance to emerging technologies. The long-term view of National Nanotechnology Initiative and several research frontiers will be outlined in the global context. Upstream and broad-ranging investments are made by the National Science Foundation (NSF) in supporting fundamental research, balanced infrastructure and education across all disciplines of science and engineering. Priorities and illustrations of recent results will be discussed. An increased focus is on sustainable resources including water, food, energy, materials and clean environment. The convergence of nanotechnology, modern biology, the digital revolution and other areas are expected to bring about tremendous improvements in transformative tools and societal outcomes.Title 2: Nanotechnology research and development in the United States Abstract:With about 12 billion nanotechnology R&D investment in 2008 worldwide, advances at the nanoscale are leading to new understanding of nature and new products and services. In 2000, we have estimated the global market for final products that incorporate nanotechnology would increase about 25 percent per year to about 1 trillion by 2015. At half way, at the threshold from synthesis of components to creating nanosystems, nanotechnology has already powerful implications in knowledge foundation, industry and medicine. This presentation is focused on the government role in the United States in this context. The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) is a long-term program announced in 2000 that coordinates 25 departments and independent agencies with a total budget estimated at about 1.5 billion in fiscal year 2009. An update of the investments and trends in nanoscale science and engineering, infrastructure development, R&D partnerships, education, public perception and governance will be presented. Illustrations of recent academic and industry research results obtained in the United States will be discussed, as well as the most recent national and state legislations.
Nakissa Sadrieh Title: Very Large Scale Neuromorphic Circuits- Achievements, Challenges and Hopes Abstract: Products containing nanomaterials are being investigated for potential applications as therapeutics. While some of these nanomaterials are nanoscale versions of larger materials used in approved products, other nanomaterials are novel and have never been used in drug products. Regulatory requirements to ensure preclinical safety for products containing nanomaterials have essentially remained identical to those for products that do not contain nanoparticles. As the FDA continues to assess the adequacy of its existing requirements for evaluating regulated products, it is recognized both within the Agency and outside the Agency, that current regulatory evaluation of drug products is very rigorous and likely to identify products which might pose a health risk to patients. However, it is also recognized that in the future, data may become available on the need for more specific tests to assess nanomaterials. In the event that novel screening tests specific for nanomaterial evaluation become identified, the current preclinical requirements might need to be tailored to address any newly identified concerns. In the meantime, the Agency is developing appropriate procedures to meet the current and future regulatory needs associated with nanomaterial- containing drug development. With this goal in mind, guidance documents are being considered to help industry bring to fruition the promise of nanotechnology in drug applications.
Title: Harnessing Nanotechnology for Clean Water- Nexus to Resources Abstract: The problems facing the world with water are exponentially growing, and are impacting energy, the environment, agriculture, and the health of people throughout the world. Nanotechnology holds promise to clean impaired waters of contaminants, to disinfect water from a host of pathogens, reuse waters, and desalinate seawater and most importantly inland saline aquifers that underlie most of the world. Nanotechnologies, such as incorporation of nanoparticles and nanostructures within membrane systems, are being developed to greatly increase the performance of membrane separation processes, decrease fouling of membranes and to increase flux in order to increase water supplies through reuse and desalination. Micro-nanofluidic constructs are being employed to selectively add and subtract attomolar concentrations of species to separate, manipulate, and analyze minute amounts of specified molecular compounds, such as toxins and proteins, from natural water. Nanocatalysts are being developed to mineralize potent carcinogens and toxic compounds in water. Quantumly confined photocatalysts are being developed for disinfection of pathogens by photooxidation to decrease the use of potent chemical oxidants, which themselves can create toxic disinfection byproducts. New point-of-use, -source, and -discharge technologies are being developed that permit robust, distributed, non-centralized systems that can be applied throughout the world.
Dr. Kilian Singer Title: Deterministic Ultracold Ion Source targeting the Heisenberg Limit Abstract: Within the next 5 years the increasing miniaturization of semiconductor devices might lead to dopant counts of less than one hundred in the channel regions of field effect transistors (1). Conventional dopant techniques would then lead to high statistical fluctuations of dopants causing device parameters to vary at an unacceptable level. Ultimately, at the single atom limit, quantum devices like future quantum processors and future nano solid state devices call for new deterministic production techniques with nanometer. Based on a segmented ion trap with mK laser cooled ions we have realized a novel deterministic single ion source which can operate with a huge range of sympathetically cooled ion species, isotopes or ionic molecules. We have deterministically extracted a predetermined number of ions on demand and have measured a longitudinal velocity uncertainty of 6.3 m/s and a spatial beam divergence of 600μrad. We show in numerical simulations that if the ions are cooled to the motional ground state (Heisenberg limit) nanometer spatial resolution can be achieved (2).(1) Semiconductor Industry Association. The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, 2007 edition. SEMATECH; Austin, TX, 2007. (2) W. Schnitzler, N. M. Linke, R. Fickler, J. Meijer, F. Schmidt-Kaler, and K. Singer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 070501 (2009) 253001.
Patrick Soon-Shiong, M.D. Title: The Role of Bioengineering in the Transformation of Healthcare Robin Staffin Title: Abstract:
Title: The National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network: A Comprehensive Research and Development Role Model Abstract:Rapid progress in science and engineering and transition of suitable developments for the society's good requires an open flow of knowledge, an easy access and use of experimentation where one can leverage a broad spectrum of developments while concentrating on one's own strengths and interests, development of a workforce for economic impact, and a society aware and involved in informed decision making regarding use of technology. Nanoscale science and engineering, with its comprehensiveness across the broad disciplines of physical and life sciences and their use in engineering, poses complex challenges through its inter- and multi-disciplinary nature, breadth of knowledge, expensive tools, integration and process challenges, and the use of advanced modeling and theory needed. The National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN- www.nnin.org), supported by the National Science Foundation, now in its sixth year, is a 14 university facilities based organization of the United States, that has become a model for sustainable research and development in the modern times. Nearly 5000 users consisting of 3600+ graduate students and 650+ industrial users from many hundreds of universities and 350 small and large companies use NNIN for advanced experimental work, supported by comprehensive theoretical computation resources. 1000+ PhDs a year and an education effort that reaches out to science and engineering undergraduates becomes possible through the technical and geographic diversity of NNIN. The model works because of openness and dynamism in responding to changing needs, anticipating future needs, and a broad and comprehensive approach.
Akira Toriumi Title: Materials Science and Engineering in Metal/High-k Gate Stacks for Much More Moore CMOS Abstract: Metal/High-k gate stack technology will be discussed from the viewpoint of materials science to further extend CMOS down scaling, to precisely tune CMOS performance, and to keep CMOS reliability. Higher-k dielectric material engineering for CMOS, the interface dipole formation, and the carrier scattering mechanism will be particularly paid attention to. Furthermore, high-k dielectrics on Ge or III-V will be also discussed. Materials understanding and control should become rather important in addition to the Poisson scaling.
Title: The National Nanomanufacturing Network: A Catalyst for Nanomanufacturing Advancements Abstract: The potential economic and societal benefits of nanotechnology cannot be realized without manufacturing. Manufacturing at the nanoscale requires various branches of science, engineering, business and government to work together. Nanomanufacturing research and development requires the collaboration of interdisciplinary partners, information exchange and the integration of diverse manufacturing techniques. The National Nanomanufacturing Network (NNN), supported by the National Science Foundation, is a network of nanomanufacturing centers, projects and experts from academic, industrial and government institutions that advance research, development and educational goals through cooperative "real-space" and "cyber-space" activities. Topics including nanoinformatics, standards and nanomanufacturing test-beds will be emphasized. | |||||||
